The most important mineral in amethyst is quartz (silicon dioxide), which is coloured violet by small amounts of iron and other trace elements. Amethyst occurs in primary hues from a light pinkish violet to a deep purple.
Amethyst is a relatively hard stone, measuring 7 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, which makes it suitable for use in jewellery. It is also often used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone in carvings.
It is common to find amethyst geodes, or hollow rocks lined with purple quartz crystals, which are highly valued by collectors.
Amethyst has a long history of use for both practical and spiritual purposes. The ancient Greeks believed that amethyst had the power to ward off drunkenness and other drunken behaviour. They also believed that it had healing powers and wore it as a talisman to protect against various ailments.
In ancient Egypt, amethyst was highly valued and was often used to make signet rings, which were used to stamp the wax seals on important documents.
During the Middle Ages, amethyst was considered a powerful stone that could protect the wearer from evil and sorcery. It was also used in ecclesiastical jewellery, such as rings and pendants worn by bishops and other high-ranking clergy members.
In the 19th century, large deposits of amethyst were discovered in Brazil, which led to a significant decrease in the price of the stone. This made amethyst a more affordable option for jewellery and decorative items, and it became a popular stone for Victorian jewellery.
In some cultures and spiritual traditions, Amethyst is believed to have a calming effect and promote inner peace, balance and stability, especially in the emotions, and is helpful in overcoming addictions.
In Crystal healing amethysts are believed to be good for purifying the mind and clearing it of negative thoughts. This includes the negativity of stress and anxiety, which is why many meditate with amethysts to help them feel more relaxed.
Amethyst is also believed to be useful for enhancing spiritual awareness and promoting a higher state of consciousness.
Amethyst is still a popular gemstone today and is often used in all types of jewelry, from rings and necklaces to earrings and bracelets. It is also used as a decorative stone in carvings and other decorative items. Additionally, Amethyst still considered as a healing stone, sometimes used in alternative and spiritual practices.
Amethysts are found in various locations around the world, with some of the most important deposits being in Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Mexico, Russia, and some African countries like Zambia, South Africa and Namibia.
Brazil is one of the most prolific producers of amethysts, with large deposits found in the states of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul. The amethysts from these mines are known for their deep purple color and good transparency.
Uruguay is also a significant source of amethysts, with the Artigas region being particularly well-known for producing high-quality stones.
In Russia, amethysts can be found in the Ural Mountains, and the most famous deposit is near the village of Malyshevo. The amethysts from the Ural Mountains are known for their large size and deep colour.
Other notable amethyst deposit in Africa, specifically in Zambia, South Africa and Namibia, producing amethyst with rich deep purple colour, and often found in large clusters which create spectacular geodes.
Amethysts can also be found in many other locations around the world, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, and Europe. But these deposits are generally smaller and not as well-known.